Smart Home, Big Risks: Top Cybersecurity Threats Homeowners Need To Know
Dusty Rhodes • January 12, 2026
Smart home devices are becoming increasingly common. From webcams to thermostats, to TVs and even AI-improved refrigerators, homeowners have an array of choices to make their lives easier. These devices can also boost home prices, making them a worthwhile investment.
Yet, these smart home gadgets can also be compromised and are subject to a slew of cybersecurity threats.
In fact, Rambus, a chip and silicon IP provider, found that an eye-popping 80% of Internet of Things (IoT) devices “are vulnerable to a wide range of attacks.”
Mike Halbouni, founder of PoyntGuard, a security camera and surveillance installation company, said that as homes become more connected, cybersecurity is just as critical as physical security.
“Every smart device that connects to your network, including cameras, doorbells, thermostats, smart locks, and voice assistants, can become a potential entry point for hackers if not properly secured,” he said.
Common cybersecurity threats, from weak passwords and credentials
Jason Chen, technical director and tech expert at JarnisTech, a professional electronics manufacturer, said that the more “smart” your home gets, the more exposed you become.
“Convenience has a cost, and that cost is usually hidden in the fine print of your device’s security settings,” he said.
The most threat to your smart home security comes from weak default credentials and passwords, according to Thomas S. Hyslip, assistant professor of instruction for the M.S. in cybercrime program in the criminology department at the University of South Florida.
As Hyslip explained, many smart devices, including smart cameras, baby monitors, smart doorbells, network routers, and smart hubs, are shipped with publicly known or easily guessable factory passwords and settings, such as "admin" or "123456.”
“Cybercriminals use automated tools to scan the internet, searching for devices with these default settings to gain immediate and full control, potentially compromising your entire home network,” he said.
To mitigate this threat, homeowners must change passwords immediately and often.
Another tip: Avoid inexpensive IoT devices with hard-coded, unchangeable passwords, as these products are permanently vulnerable to takeover and pose an unacceptable risk to your network security, he added.
Lack of knowledge
Tony Anscombe, chief security evangelist at ESET, a cybersecurity vendor, echoed the sentiment, saying that smart devices introduce several potential risks, the primary ones being privacy and security.
Anscombe added that consumers need to ensure they understand exactly what data is being collected by smart devices, how it’s being secured, where it’s being stored, and whether it will be used for any other purposes or shared with a third party.
Tim Kravchunovsky, CEO of Chirp, an IoT solutions provider for short-term rentals, also said that the biggest cybersecurity threat most homeowners face isn’t a single device, it's their own home network and IT knowledge.
“Depending on how much home automation someone has, their devices may hold extremely sensitive information. Yet most people who automate their homes aren’t very technical, and that lack of expertise creates wide security gaps,” he said.
He added that nearly all consumer IoT devices operate over Wi-Fi. Once an attacker gains access to a home’s Wi-Fi network, which is often far easier than people think, they can pivot to the devices themselves and access the data flowing through them.
“Businesses recognized this risk years ago, which is why many now isolate IoT devices in a completely separate environment rather than letting them live on the main network,” he said.
Smart cameras and doorbells
According to Chen, these devices, which are designed to keep you safe, are actually easy prey for hackers themselves.
“I know individuals who have used hacked cameras to spy on families, to record them inappropriately, to even broadcast those feeds for everyone to see without their consent,” he said, adding that this happens because many people never update default passwords, update firmware, or connect cameras to their main Wi-Fi networks.
“A hacker, after penetrating, can monitor all of your movements—literally,” he said.
Chen added that to fix this, there are several steps you can take: turn on two-factor authentication (2FA); change all default login credentials; and set up a separate Wi-Fi network just for smart devices.
Smart speakers and voice assistants
Dave Meister, cybersecurity evangelist of Check Point Software Technologies, said there have been instances in which attackers have tricked these devices into making purchases or controlling other smart-home features. They’re also constantly listening, which makes them a privacy risk if not configured well, he said.
What to do: According to Meister, turn off voice-purchasing, use strong and unique passwords, and use the physical mute button when you’re not using it.
And as Chen said: “The golden rule here is if a device is always listening, assume it is always collecting and act accordingly.”
Smart locks and garage systems
Smart locks make life easier, especially for those among us who constantly forget where they put their keys.
However, as Chen put it, these introduce a terrifying vulnerability: If someone compromises your smartphone or your Wi-Fi, your front door could literally unlock for them.
“The same goes for connected garage systems. Many rely on cloud-based apps that, if breached, could grant access to your home in seconds,” he said.
Instead, Chen urges homeowners to use locks with end-to-end encryption; lock down your smartphone with biometrics and remote wipe options; and audit who has access—remove old guest codes or app permissions you’ve forgotten about.
Smart TVs and streaming devices
Gene Petrino, lead adviser for Security.org, a company specializing in personal and home security, and a retired SWAT commander, said that many devices include microphones and cameras that can be exploited if security is weak.
Petrino recommends turning off unused connectivity features, such as voice control and camera, and only installing apps from trusted sources. In addition, he urges homeowners to enable firmware updates regularly.
“Think of your smart home like a digital ecosystem; each device is a door. The more devices you connect, the more doors you create. Secure each one with strong passwords, regular updates, and separate networks for critical systems,” he said.
Check Point Software Technologies’ Meister added that, surprisingly, these are among the most vulnerable devices in the home.
“A lot of the cheaper streaming boxes run old software, and we’ve seen cases this year where malware actually came pre-installed on knockoff devices people bought online. Once they’re plugged in, they can be used for things like click-fraud or even large-scale attacks,” he said.
Meister offered another tip: Stick to reputable brands and keep up to date.
Home Wi-Fi router
“The router is basically the front door to your digital house,” said Meister.
As he noted, the average home sees dozens of attack attempts a day, and a lot of IoT traffic isn’t encrypted at all. If your router is old or still using the default login, it’s an easy target.
What you can do is use a strong Wi-Fi password and turn on automatic updates, he said.
Smart thermostats
Security.org’s Petrino said attackers can gather data on your daily routines—like when you’re home or away—or use unsecured devices to access your entire Wi-Fi network.
He said that homeowners should create a separate network for smart devices, use strong router passwords and WPA3 encryption, and avoid connecting unnecessary appliances to the internet.
Meister also cautions that many owners don’t realize appliances can be hacked, too, and that older or cheap models often never get software updates, which means any vulnerability lives forever.
His advice? Before buying, check whether the brand actually updates its products. And if a device stops getting updates, it’s time to replace it.
“If I had to give homeowners one simple rule, it’d be this: Treat every smart device like a tiny computer. Update it, use a strong password, and don’t put it on the same network as the devices that actually matter, like your laptop or phone,” he added.
Source:
Realtor.com
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Walking into a house showing can be exciting. You may immediately start picturing where your furniture will go, imagining your morning coffee on the back patio, or thinking about how quickly you could make the house your own. But before you fall in love with a property, it is important to slow down and ask the right questions. A house showing is more than an opportunity to look at the kitchen, bedrooms, and backyard. It is your chance to gather information that may help you determine whether the home is actually a good fit—and whether there could be expensive surprises waiting after you move in. As a real estate agent, I recommend that buyers come prepared with questions. You do not need to ask every question at every showing, but knowing what to look for can help you compare homes and make a much more informed decision. Here are the most important questions to ask at a house showing. 1. Why Is the Seller Moving? This is one of the first questions I recommend asking. The answer may tell you something about the seller's situation and potentially the property itself. Maybe the sellers are relocating for work. Perhaps they are downsizing, moving closer to family, or simply ready for a change. There may not be anything wrong with the house at all. However, if the seller is moving because of a problem with the neighborhood, recurring property issues, excessive maintenance, or something else that isn't immediately obvious, it is useful information to know. Your real estate agent may also be able to provide additional context about the seller's motivation. 2. How Long Has the House Been on the Market? Ask how long the home has been listed and whether it has been on the market previously. A house that has been sitting for several months isn't automatically a bad house. There could be many explanations, including pricing, seasonality, buyer demand, or a previous contract that fell apart. Still, extended time on the market can be a reason to ask additional questions. You may also want to ask: Has the price been reduced? Has the property gone under contract before? If so, why did the contract fall through? Has the home been listed with another agent previously? The answers can give you useful negotiating and due-diligence information. 3. How Much Are the Property Taxes? Property taxes are an important part of your monthly housing costs. Don't simply look at the current owner's tax bill and assume your taxes will be exactly the same. Depending on the location and circumstances, taxes can change after a sale or reassessment. Ask your real estate agent to help you understand the current property taxes and estimate what your taxes could look like after purchasing the home. This is especially important when comparing homes in different neighborhoods or communities. 4. How Much Is the HOA Fee? If the home is located in an HOA community, ask about the HOA fee and exactly what it covers. An HOA fee can vary dramatically from one community to another. Ask: How much is the current HOA fee? What does the fee include? Are there separate amenity or community fees? How often can the HOA increase dues? Are there any pending special assessments? Are there rental restrictions? Are there restrictions on pets, vehicles, or exterior modifications? A home with a seemingly attractive price can become considerably more expensive if it comes with substantial HOA fees or upcoming assessments. 5. Are There Any Special Assessments? This deserves its own question. A special assessment is an additional charge imposed by an HOA or condominium association for a specific expense, such as major repairs, infrastructure improvements, roofs, or other community projects. If you're buying a condo or a home in an HOA community, ask whether any special assessments are currently pending or have recently been approved. This can be particularly important in coastal areas where properties and communities may face significant maintenance expenses. 6. How Old Is the Roof? The roof is one of the biggest potential expenses associated with owning a home. Ask when the roof was installed and whether there are records documenting the work. A newer roof may provide peace of mind, while an older roof doesn't necessarily mean you should walk away. It simply means you should understand its remaining useful life and potential replacement cost. During your inspection, have the inspector take a close look at the roof and related components. 7. How Old Are the HVAC Systems? Ask about the age and maintenance history of the heating and air-conditioning systems. In a warm climate like the Myrtle Beach area, air conditioning is particularly important. Questions worth asking include: How old is the HVAC system? Has it been serviced regularly? Has it ever needed major repairs? Is there more than one HVAC system? Are there warranties that transfer to the buyer? Replacing an HVAC system can be a significant expense, so knowing its age can help you plan ahead. 8. How Old Is the Water Heater? Water heaters don't last forever. Ask how old the water heater is, whether it has been serviced, and whether the seller has experienced any leaks or problems. Also look around the water heater for signs of previous water damage or corrosion. Again, an older water heater isn't necessarily a deal breaker. It is simply something to factor into your ownership costs. 9. Have There Been Any Major Repairs or Renovations? Ask the seller or listing agent about major improvements made to the property. You may want to know about: New roofing HVAC replacement Plumbing work Electrical upgrades Kitchen renovations Bathroom renovations Window replacement Foundation or structural work Water intrusion repairs Additions or conversions Whenever possible, ask whether permits were obtained and whether documentation is available. A beautiful renovation is great—but you want to know that the work was done properly. 10. Have There Ever Been Any Water Intrusion or Flooding Issues? This is a particularly important question for buyers in coastal areas. Ask whether the property has ever experienced flooding, water intrusion, roof leaks, drainage problems, or other moisture-related issues. Don't stop at asking whether the house has "flooded." Water problems can take many forms. Look for signs such as: Musty odors Discoloration Fresh paint in isolated areas Stained ceilings Warped flooring Damaged baseboards Cracks or deterioration around windows Your home inspection should investigate potential problems further. 11. What Is the Flood Zone? If you're buying near the coast, ask about the property's flood zone and whether flood insurance is required or recommended. Even if flood insurance isn't required by your lender, you may still want to consider whether purchasing coverage makes sense. Your real estate agent can help you locate the appropriate flood-zone information, but insurance questions should ultimately be discussed with an insurance professional. 12. How Much Is Homeowners Insurance? Don't wait until you're under contract to find out whether the home is expensive to insure. Ask for an estimate before getting too far into the process. This is particularly important for properties in coastal areas where wind, hail, flood, and other coverage can affect your total housing costs. A home that looks affordable based on the mortgage payment alone could have considerably higher carrying costs once insurance, taxes, HOA fees, and utilities are included. 13. What Are the Average Utility Costs? Ask whether the seller can provide an idea of typical utility expenses. Consider asking about: Electricity Natural gas Water Sewer Trash Internet Utility costs can vary depending on the season and how the home is occupied, so treat these numbers as estimates rather than guarantees. Still, they can be helpful when comparing homes. 14. What Stays With the House? Don't assume everything you see is included in the sale. Ask about appliances, fixtures, outdoor equipment, furniture, and other items that may or may not convey. For example: Refrigerator Washer and dryer Garage refrigerator Outdoor television Mounted televisions Curtains and rods Security systems Smart-home equipment Outdoor furniture Shed Generator Your purchase contract should ultimately specify what is included, but asking during the showing can prevent confusion later. 15. Are There Any Known Problems With the House? Sometimes the best question is the most direct one: "Is there anything about this house that you think a buyer should know?" Ask the listing agent whether there are any known defects, recurring maintenance problems, neighborhood issues, or other concerns. Your agent can also help you determine what questions should be asked based on what you observe during the showing. Remember, the seller's disclosures and your inspection are extremely important. A showing is not a substitute for professional due diligence. 16. Have There Been Any Insurance Claims? Ask whether there have been previous insurance claims involving the property. Depending on the situation, claims could involve things such as: Roof damage Water damage Storm damage Fire Plumbing issues Mold A history of claims doesn't automatically make a property a bad purchase, but it can give you additional information to investigate. 17. How Old Are the Windows and Doors? Windows and exterior doors can have a meaningful impact on energy efficiency, maintenance, and storm protection. Ask when they were installed and whether they have been replaced or upgraded. For coastal properties, you may also want to ask whether windows and doors have hurricane or impact ratings. 18. What Is the Neighborhood Like? You're not just buying a house. You're buying the location around it. Ask your agent about: Traffic Noise Nearby development Schools Shopping Restaurants Commute times Flooding Future construction Neighborhood amenities And don't rely exclusively on what someone tells you. Drive through the neighborhood at different times of day and, if possible, on a weekend. A neighborhood can feel very different at 10 a.m. on a Tuesday than it does at 8 p.m. on a Saturday. 19. Are There Any Planned Developments Nearby? This is an often-overlooked question. Ask whether there are plans for new homes, commercial development, roads, apartments, hotels, or other major projects nearby. The vacant lot behind the house may not stay vacant forever. Future development could be positive—or it could change the view, traffic, noise level, or overall character of the neighborhood. 20. How Are the Neighbors? Your real estate agent may not be able to answer every question about your potential neighbors, but it is still worth paying attention to the surrounding properties. Look at: Property maintenance Parking Noise Outdoor activity Nearby construction Shared driveways or boundaries You can also visit the neighborhood on your own and talk with residents if you're comfortable doing so. 21. Is There Anything Unusual About the Property? Ask whether there are any easements, shared driveways, boundary issues, access agreements, leased equipment, or other unusual circumstances associated with the property. These things aren't necessarily problems—but you want to know about them before purchasing. For example, an easement could affect where you can build a fence, add a structure, or make other improvements. 22. What Are the Seller's Preferred Closing and Move-Out Dates? If you're serious about the house, ask about the seller's preferred timeline. Their ideal closing date may affect your offer and negotiations. For example, they may need additional time to purchase another home, or they may be ready to move quickly. Understanding their timeline can sometimes help your offer stand out without necessarily increasing the purchase price. 23. What Is the Seller's Asking Price Based On? This is a conversation I'd have with your real estate agent rather than simply asking the seller. Your agent should be able to explain how the asking price compares with recent comparable sales and competing properties. Don't just ask, "Is this house worth the asking price?" Ask: "What do the comparable sales tell us about this home's value?" That's a much more useful question. 24. Are There Any Rental Restrictions? If you're purchasing a property that you may eventually rent out, ask about rental restrictions before making an offer. This is particularly important for condos, townhomes, and HOA communities. Find out: Are short-term rentals allowed? Are long-term rentals allowed? Is there a minimum lease period? Is there a rental cap? Is there a waiting list? Are there restrictions on the number of rental properties? Don't assume that because another property in the community is being rented, you will automatically be allowed to do the same. 25. What Should I Be Looking for During the Showing? Finally, ask your real estate agent this question: "If this were your house, what would you be paying attention to?" A good agent shouldn't simply unlock the door and let you walk around. They should help you notice things you might overlook, such as: Signs of water intrusion Drainage issues Age and condition of major systems Unusual odors Cracks Deferred maintenance Location concerns HOA considerations Resale factors Your agent isn't a replacement for a licensed home inspector, contractor, insurance professional, or other specialist. But an experienced local agent can help you know which questions deserve further investigation. The Most Important Questions to Ask at a House Showing If you don't want to carry a list of 25 questions around with you, start with these ten: Why is the seller moving? How long has the house been on the market? Has it been under contract before? If so, why did it fall through? How old are the roof and HVAC system? Have there been any water, flooding, or insurance issues? How much are the property taxes and HOA fees? Are there any upcoming HOA special assessments? What major repairs or renovations have been completed? Are there any rental restrictions? What concerns do you see with this property that I should investigate further? These questions won't tell you everything you need to know about a house—but they'll help you move beyond the surface-level details. Don't Let a Beautiful House Distract You From the Important Details It's easy to fall in love with a house because of the kitchen, the flooring, the backyard, or the view. But buying a home is one of the biggest financial decisions most people will make. The goal of a house showing isn't simply to decide whether you like the property. It's to gather enough information to determine whether the property deserves a closer look. If you find a house you love, that's when the real due diligence begins. Review the seller disclosures, analyze comparable sales, investigate insurance and property taxes, research the neighborhood, review HOA documents when applicable, and have a professional home inspection performed. The right questions can save you from making the wrong purchase. Looking at Homes in the Myrtle Beach Area? If you're searching for a home in Myrtle Beach, North Myrtle Beach, Carolina Forest, Murrells Inlet, or anywhere along the Grand Strand, having a local real estate agent who understands the market can make a big difference. After nearly a decade in the Myrtle Beach real estate business, I've seen firsthand that buying a home isn't just about finding a property you like. It's about understanding the property, the neighborhood, the numbers, and the potential issues before you commit. If you're getting ready to start looking at homes, I'd be happy to help you understand what to look for, what questions to ask, and what you should investigate before making an offer.
I've had a lot of people ask me over the years, "How Do I Choose the Right Real Estate Agent for My Home Sale?" As a Myrtle Beach-area Realtor with 10+ years of experience, here are the questions I get asked frequently and my responses. 1. What have you learned about selling homes that you wish you knew when you first started? The biggest thing I’ve learned is that selling a house is not the same thing as putting a house on the market. When I first started, I probably put too much emphasis on getting the listing, getting it in the MLS, and getting people through the door. After more than 10 years in the business, I understand that the real job starts after the listing agreement is signed. You have to know how to price the property correctly, position it against the competition, identify problems before they become deal-killers, interpret showing feedback, negotiate effectively, and recognize when the original strategy isn't working. I've also learned that every seller and every property is different. There isn't one magic marketing plan or pricing formula that works for everyone. A good agent needs to be able to adapt. And probably most importantly, you need an agent who will tell you the truth, even when it's not what you want to hear. Sometimes that means telling a seller their house is overpriced. Sometimes it means telling them they need to make repairs. Sometimes it means telling them to accept an offer they aren't thrilled about because it's the best offer they're likely to get. I'd rather have an uncomfortable conversation with a client today than let them lose months and thousands of dollars because nobody was willing to be honest with them. 2. What should homeowners look for when interviewing agents? I'd look at experience, local knowledge, communication, marketing strategy, negotiation skills, and honesty. But I wouldn't necessarily choose the agent with the most sales, the biggest team, or the highest listing price. One of the biggest mistakes sellers make is interviewing three agents and choosing the one who tells them their house is worth the most. That's not necessarily the agent who will get them the most money. I'd ask each agent: How did you arrive at this recommended listing price? What properties are we competing against? What is your marketing plan beyond the MLS? How often will you communicate with me? What happens if we don't get showings? What happens if we get showings but no offers? How do you handle inspections and appraisal issues? How do you negotiate multiple offers? What happens if the first contract falls apart? The agent should have thoughtful answers—not just a sales pitch. 3. What's your philosophy on pricing? Price is a strategy, not a wish. I completely understand why sellers want to get the highest possible price for their home. It's usually one of the largest financial transactions they'll ever make. But the market doesn't care what a seller needs to get out of the house or what they believe it's worth. Buyers are comparing your property against everything else available to them. One of the worst things an agent can do is intentionally overprice a property just to win the listing. If comparable homes are selling for $400,000 and an agent tells you, "We can definitely get $450,000," you should ask them to prove it. Sometimes you can price slightly above the most recent comparable sales because of improvements, location, condition, or market momentum. But there needs to be a reason behind the number. The first few weeks on the market are extremely important. If a home is overpriced, you can lose the buyers who would have been most interested in it when it first hits the market. Eventually, the listing starts accumulating days on market, buyers begin wondering what's wrong with it, and the seller ends up making price reductions anyway. I'd rather price a home correctly from the beginning than chase the market downward for six months. 4. What do you actually do to market a listing? Putting a property in the MLS is the starting point, not the marketing plan. My approach is to make sure the property is presented correctly before we ever start marketing it. That means looking at condition, presentation, pricing, photography, description, and how the property compares to its competition. Then I want the property exposed where potential buyers are actually looking. That can include professional photography, video, social media, online advertising, email marketing, agent-to-agent exposure, open houses when appropriate, and targeted marketing depending on the property. But there's another part of marketing that gets overlooked: positioning. If you're selling a condo, a second home, an investment property, or a primary residence, the person most likely to buy it may be completely different. You don't market an oceanfront investment condo the same way you market a single-family home in Carolina Forest. After more than 10 years in the business, I've learned that good marketing isn't about doing the most things. It's about doing the right things for the property and the likely buyer. 5. What should sellers expect from their agent when it comes to communication? Your agent shouldn't disappear after putting a lockbox on your door. I believe sellers should know what's happening with their property throughout the process. That means communicating showing activity, sharing relevant feedback, discussing market changes, reviewing competing listings, and having honest conversations about what we're seeing. But communication isn't just about answering the phone. It's about proactively communicating. If we're getting 15 showings and no offers, that's information. If we're getting almost no showings, that's information too. If three competing homes just reduced their prices, that's something we need to discuss. I also think sellers should know how their agent prefers to communicate. Some people want a phone call; others prefer text or email. Whatever the preference, the important thing is that the seller doesn't have to constantly chase their agent down to find out what's happening. 6. Tell me about a time your negotiation or problem-solving skills made a difference. One thing I've learned over the years is that getting a property under contract is only half the job. I've had transactions where everything looked great when the offer was accepted, and then something came up during inspections, appraisal, financing, title work, or another part of the transaction. That's where experience matters. A less experienced agent may see a problem and immediately think, "We're going to lose the deal." An experienced agent starts asking, "What are our options?" Can we renegotiate? Can we find another solution? Can we bring in the right professional? Can we change the timeline? Is the problem actually as serious as it initially appears? I've learned not to panic when something unexpected happens. Real estate transactions rarely go exactly according to plan. My job is to keep the transaction moving while protecting my client's interests. 7. Tell me about a difficult listing that ultimately sold. I've had listings that took much longer to sell than anyone wanted and deals that fell apart after everyone thought we were headed to closing. Those are frustrating—but they're also some of the transactions where you learn the most. I've had a property go through multiple contracts that didn't make it to closing. At that point, the easy answer would have been to blame the buyers, the market, or everyone else involved. Instead, you have to step back and ask: What can we control? Is the price right? Is the property being presented properly? Are we attracting the right buyers? Is there something about the property that needs to be addressed? Are there terms we could structure differently? Eventually, persistence and adjusting the strategy paid off and the property sold. That's one of the biggest lessons I would give a seller: don't confuse activity with progress. A property can have showings, open houses, online views and even multiple offers and still not be moving toward a successful closing. The goal isn't simply to get a contract. The goal is to get you successfully to the closing table. 8. What makes the Myrtle Beach/Grand Strand market different? The Grand Strand isn't one market. That's something I think is incredibly important for sellers to understand. Myrtle Beach, North Myrtle Beach, Carolina Forest, Surfside Beach, Murrells Inlet, Conway, and the surrounding areas all have different types of properties, buyers, price points, communities, and market dynamics. And within those areas, you can have completely different markets. An oceanfront condo is different from an inland single-family home. A second home is different from a primary residence. An investment property is different from a home being purchased by a local family. There are also factors that buyers in this market pay particularly close attention to, including HOA fees, rental restrictions, insurance, flood considerations, property condition, amenities, rental income potential, and proximity to the beach. That's why I believe local experience matters. You don't just want someone who has a real estate license and can put your house in the MLS. You want someone who understands what buyers are looking for in your specific part of the Grand Strand. 9. What are the biggest red flags when interviewing an agent? The biggest one? An agent who tells you exactly what you want to hear. If three agents tell you your house is worth $425,000 and one agent tells you it's worth $500,000, don't automatically assume the $500,000 agent is the best one. Ask them to show you the evidence. Another red flag is an agent who spends the entire presentation talking about themselves but barely asks you questions. I want to know why you're selling, your timeline, what you're hoping to accomplish, what concerns you have, and what is important to you. I'd also be cautious of agents who make huge promises about how quickly they'll sell your house or how much money they'll get you without explaining how they're going to do it. And finally, pay attention to what happens before you even hire them. If an agent is difficult to reach, late to appointments, unprepared, or doesn't follow through during the listing presentation, don't assume they'll suddenly become highly responsive once you sign the paperwork. How an agent treats you before getting your business can be a pretty good indication of how they'll treat you after they get it. 10. If you were interviewing agents to sell your own home, what would you ask? I'd probably ask five questions: 1. "What would you price my house at, and why?" I want to understand the reasoning—not just hear a number. 2. "What is your actual marketing plan?" Not "We'll put it everywhere." I want specifics. 3. "What happens if it doesn't sell?" This tells me whether the agent has an actual strategy for adjusting when something isn't working. 4. "Tell me about a difficult transaction you've handled." I don't want to hear about the easy ones. I want to know what they do when things go wrong. 5. "What do you think I need to know that I don't want to hear?" That last question might be the most important. I want an agent who is willing to tell me the truth. After more than 10 years in real estate, I've realized that the best agent isn't necessarily the person with the flashiest presentation or the highest suggested listing price. It's the person who understands the market, knows how to create a strategy, communicates with you, negotiates when it matters, solves problems when they arise, and has the experience to know what to do when the transaction doesn't go according to plan.
The Honeymoon Phase As with anything in life, a remodeling project can come with its ups and downs. Certain phases seem to go a mile a minute, while others feel like they’ve lasted a lifetime and a half, all while it looks as though nothing is being completed. Fear not — this is pretty typical. And, while every project is different, a good portion of renovations have four major phases, what I’m calling the Honeymoon, the Midproject Crisis , the Renewal of Vows and the Happily Ever After . For now, let’s take a closer look at the Honeymoon phase of renovating. After weeks of searching for a remodeler in your area, calling references, checking out their Houzz profile and working toward an agreeable price, you say, “I do,” sign the contract, finalize the design and begin work in two weeks. There’s a little nervousness in the air, but as you enter the Honeymoon phase, the mood is mainly one of excitement. Demolition Begins A couple of weeks go by, and the day comes for work to start. Protective products are placed, and demolition begins. Demo, sweet, demo. Normally one of the quickest moving stages of a remodel, demolition makes it look as if a lot of work is being done practically overnight. Cabinetry is removed, walls are torn down, appliances are taken away and, in a matter of days or weeks (depending on the size of your project), you’re staring at a blank canvas. After that, any necessary framing and structural work will begin. Framing usually isn’t as exciting or fast-paced as demolition, but still, there is visible progress almost daily. At this point, you and your partner are walking on air. The rate of work is astounding, and you’re still very excited (although maybe a little less nervous now) about the entire project. Speed Bumps Ahead! However, like a delayed flight on a real honeymoon trip, there are obstacles that can slow down this phase, specifically during demo. If you’re living in an older house, there’s the possibility that when your walls are opened, asbestos or lead could be discovered, which will need to be dealt with before work can continue. Another common speed bump is building permit delays. Going through government-mandated processes can be tricky sometimes, especially if you or your building professional don’t have everything you need to get the green light from your municipality the first time around. More holdups can come from structural elements that become apparent after demolition. For example, say you were going to move a door to another wall in your dining room. Once the demo crew opens up the wall where the new door will be installed — surprise! — there are plumbing pipes running the height of the wall. Reconfiguring design to meet these new requirements will add time to the demo stage. Don’t panic. These delays happen often, and it’s worth accounting for and accepting these hurdles before you even begin to think about renovating. Rolling With the Punches To help your honeymoon run more smoothly, here are a few tips I’ve learned from witnessing hundreds of remodels (and even surviving a couple myself). Embrace change. Really. Give change a huge hug. Get to know it on a personal level. Because no matter what room you’re touching (whether it’s the kitchen or a teensy guest bath), it’s likely that you use that room daily. The sooner you accept that this room (major or not) will be unavailable for a period of time, the sooner you’ll be able to adapt your daily routines to fit around it. Love your microwave. This applies to kitchen remodels specifically. As soon as demo is done, your primary cooking and eating area will be gone. Before your project starts, find an untouched room in your home to create a mini kitchen that will include necessities such as a microwave, toaster oven, and coffee pot. Think of it as the mini kitchen you had in your dorm or apartment in college and revel in the nostalgia. Don’t worry too much. I know this sounds hard — OK, really hard, especially for control freaks like myself — but trusting your building professionals to know what they’re doing (even if you do come across one of the aforementioned speed bumps) will really help you keep your head on straight. And if you do have questions or concerns... Communicate! Communication has proved time and time again to be one of the biggest parts of a remodel — and a successful marriage. I cannot stress it enough. Talk with your contractor, talk with your significant other — talk, talk, talk. Ask framing questions, bring up budgetary concerns, muse over paint colors. Whatever is on your mind, getting it out of your head and into the air is beneficial for everyone involved (especially you). And remember: The Honeymoon phase of a remodel is definitely one of the high points in a process with numerous peaks and valleys, so try to enjoy it. No matter what you may encounter during demolition and framing, it’s likely that the mood of everyone on board — you, your contractor, your family and even your pet — will be very positive. You’ve just embarked on a new journey, and the excitement of watching the image of your new home come into focus just adds fuel to your fire. Revel in that post-contract-signing bliss and maybe enjoy a glass of your favorite beverage with your significant other while you two imagine the new space that will be formed in your newly torn-apart home. Enjoy it, because what lies ahead is a bit uncertain. With that in mind: What happens when it feels like nothing is happening? Is there still work being done? Are we still on schedule? Is it OK to freak out a little bit ? The Midproject Crisis Prepare for the mechanical rough-in stage, and don't worry if things don’t look like they’re progressing on the surface We recently covered the ins and outs of what I refer to as the Honeymoon Phase of construction. Next up is a stage similar to a concept most everyone is familiar with: the Midlife Crisis. (Whether you’ve experienced one or not is an entirely different story.) It often comes with questions like, “What am I doing? Where am I going? What is the meaning of life?” Likewise, the second phase of a home remodel, which I fondly refer to as the Midproject Crisis, is paired with parallel questions: What’s my contractor doing? Are we still moving forward as planned? Was this really all worth it? And of course: What is the meaning of life? Fear not: Your contractor is working hard, your project is moving forward and, yes, your decision to renovate your home is, and will be, worth it. I can’t really speak about the meaning of life, but I can speak about the experiences of homeowners and remodelers during this period of a remodel. Typically, once demolition and framing is finished (the Honeymoon Phase ) and before sheetrock is put up, mechanicals will begin. (This probably is referred to as “mechanical rough-in” or “mechanical rough” by your contractor.) Mechanicals refer to the guts of the house: electrical; plumbing; and heating, venting and air conditioning (HVAC). Like our own guts, most of the work done during mechanicals occurs behind the scenes. So what is going on behind the scenes? Let’s break it down by type of work. Electrical. The groundwork for all new light fixtures, outlets, switches and appliances will be done during this phase. New wiring will be run in the walls and ceilings, electrical boxes will be installed for future fixtures, and electrical panels may be upgraded so they can handle heavier loads (this is especially prevalent in remodels where appliances are added). At this point, electricians are making sure that everything that will need power will have access to it and meet your municipality’s building code. Plumbing. As with electrical, plumbing rough-in ensures that all plumbing fixtures, appliances and other water features will be supplied with water, gas (if your house uses natural gas) or both. So pipes may be moved or installed in new places, shower pans (the things that make sure the water stays in the shower) are installed and inspected, and gas lines may be moved, extended or even put in. HVAC. Unlike electrical and plumbing, HVAC is the only mechanical where nearly all the work is completed during the rough-in stage. Pathways for new vents (for bath exhaust fans or kitchen vent hoods) are determined and vents are installed, air conditioning units may be replaced, and air return vents are located in appropriate positions. All this sounds exciting, right? No doubt, it is. But the progress isn’t as visual as it is in the Honeymoon Phase. Since everything occurs behind walls, under foundation or in attics, the big “wow” just isn’t there like it is when everything is torn apart. It’s around this time that I’ve often seen homeowners concerned about progress. Yes, plumbers are there, but where are the new sinks? Why isn’t there a single light fixture installed yet? Is the HVAC guy even working, or is he just taking a nap in the attic? The other contributing factor to the crisis is the fact that any speed bumps that crop up during this phase take a bit more time to resolve. Overall, the placement of existing framing is the biggest obstacle in mechanical rough-ins. If your plans specify that there is going to be a can light in Location A, but Location A has a structural beam directly above it — no can do. Or say your architect has designated a toilet to be mounted on the wall instead of on the ground, but existing wall framing prevents this from being a viable option. Back to the drawing board. Or maybe your HVAC contractor needs to be able to provide ductwork to a new vent hood location in your kitchen, but there is no open attic space to place the ducts. Time to think through the alternatives. Another obstacle, which is less common but should still be noted, is the condition of existing mechanicals. Any wiring, plumbing or venting that is found to be damaged, dangerous or just not up to par with your municipality’s building code will likely need to be remedied. And don’t even get me started on inspections. If your job is permitted, inspections for mechanicals will occur during this stage. City building inspectors are (at least where I’m from) well known for being thorough. If you don’t have everything just right (which ultimately is good, because they’re looking out for your safety), they will not hesitate to make your contractor fix the issue before any work can continue. So we’re halfway there. What’s next? Is the light at the end of the remodeling tunnel finally visible? When will your house start to look like a home again? The Renewal of Vows In this stage, you’ll reconnect with your original vision of your home and finally start seeing it come together Passing the midway point of a remodel can be an exciting time. After weeks (or months, but hopefully not years) of being in a state of disarray, things finally start to feel as if they’re coming together. You’ve experienced the fast-paced bliss of the Honeymoon . You’ve trudged through the slowdown that comes with the Midproject Crisis . And now? Now you’re ready to gaze lovingly into your contractor’s eyes again. Everything you’d hoped and dreamed about when you first envisioned your project is coming true, and you’re feeling ready to say “I do” all over again. It’s time for the remodeling phase I like to refer to as the Renewal of Vows. You probably won’t hear your contractor refer to this phase as such. (But how fun would that be?) Just as the Midproject Crisis is more commonly referred to as the mechanical rough-in stage, this phase has other, more industry-standard names. You will probably hear words like “finish out,” “trim out,” “mechanical trims” or “finishes." And, as you can probably guess, this phase is about finishing and beautifying the work that was started in the first couple of months. There’s a lot that may (or may not) be involved in the finish stage of your job, depending on your scope of work, but here’s a list of the most common steps that happen during this phase. Sheetrock. Holes made during rough-in will be patched, new Sheetrock will be put up at any new walls or ceilings, and texture will be applied to make your walls look like walls again. Trim carpentry. There are a few different types of trim that may be installed at this phase: baseboard (which runs along the joint where the bottom of a wall meets the floor), door and window casing (which is installed around the perimeters of doors and windows) and crown molding (which is run along the joint where the top of a wall meets the ceiling). Trim is purely optional — some more contemporary designs forgo it entirely — but it is meant to create a finished, unified look. Cabinetry. The installation of cabinetry is usually around the time when I see a little glimmer come back into a homeowner’s eyes. This is when the kitchen starts looking more like a kitchen, but it’s also when you can visualize how your other storage pieces, such as built-ins and bathroom cabinets, will change the function of your home. Electrical and plumbing trim. This is the other big “wow” that comes with the finish-out phase. A master bathroom can start to look completed when tile and cabinetry is installed, but throw in a free-standing tub and a shower full of rain heads, handheld fixtures and a steam unit, and suddenly you’re not looking at a mostly done, unidentifiable space — you’re looking at your master bathroom. The same goes for electrical items like decorative light fixtures or appliances. Seeing new stainless steel (or whatever your preferred finish is) appliances being brought into and installed in your kitchen make most people go starry-eyed and drool a little. No judgment here — I’ve done the same. There are a million moving parts during the mechanical finishes phase. And I admit, as a homeowner and general contractor, this is exciting to see. Just like during the Honeymoon, a lot of visibly quantifiable work is being completed. Only this time, instead of things being torn up and thrown out, they’re being brought in and installed. The puzzle pieces are finally fitting together, and you are starting to see the big picture. (Dreamy sigh.) I’ve harped repeatedly about how communication is key, and this still rings true during the Renewal of Vows stage. But patience is also important. As you see new things being carried in and installed, it can be so tempting to begin moving back into your new space or using your new kitchen. But your contractor may still need some time and space to work. There are last-minute items that will ultimately guarantee your satisfaction that need to be taken care of before you and your family can begin enjoying your new remodel. So hang in there, and your patience will be rewarded. HVAC trim. I mentioned in the last installment that most HVAC work is done during the rough-in stage, so what is left? Essentially, all that needs to be done is the installation of vent covers and thermostats and maybe a little tweaking of the air-conditioning system. Nothing too exciting, but it should be noted nonetheless. Miscellaneous. Like I said, there is a lot that can be going on during the trim-out stage. Flooring — such as carpet, wood, tile or laminate — will be installed. (Flooring installers are known for insisting that they be the absolute last people to work on a house.) Tile will go up in showers and as backsplashes. Countertops will go in. Priming and painting of walls, ceilings, trim and cabinetry will be completed. A little landscaping may even be done. You may be thinking: There can’t be anything left, can there? That’s it, right? Everything is installed, the house looks like a house again, time to move in and get settled. Not so fast. You’re almost there. Find out what final bits and pieces are involved in the end phase of a remodel, what I like to call the Happily Ever After stage. Happily Ever After At last your project is coming to a close. Well, almost. Don’t forget these final steps before you settle in. This fairy-tale phase of a home remodel is the tail end of any major project. The Honeymoon has come and gone. The Midproject Crisis has thankfully passed. The Renewal of Vows has given you the strength you need to continue on, and now we’re finally, and gratefully, just about out of phases. It’s time to wrap up this series on the ups and downs of remodeling by detailing the final few steps that are taken to complete a home remodel. What I call the Happily Ever After phase. Whether you have experienced it, known someone who has gone through it or have only read about it, you’re probably familiar with what it’s like to be in love. Emotions run the gamut of excitement, happiness, giddiness and contentedness (as well as a wide range of others). The person in love is likely to be gushing about her beau or his sweetheart to anyone who will listen. It’s a time when even the most cynical of people looks at the world through rose-tinted glasses. Moving back into a house after remodeling can be a bit like being in love. Are you not excited to use all your new appliances or plumbing fixtures? (Hello, new bathtub!) Is there not a smidge of giddiness as you think about coming home to your pristine new bathroom, kitchen or living room? Don’t deny it — you’re probably even babbling to the barista at Starbucks about your new space. During this Happily Ever After stage, finally, the work is done! At last, there are no more nail guns and saws and vacuums making noise in your house. After months of destruction and disarray, it’s time to move back in and enjoy your home, sweet home, for the rest of your days (or at least until you sell it or remodel again). And though most of this phase is just you at last having the chance to enjoy the fruit of your general contractor’s labor, there are a few odds and ends that your contractor will be taking care of to make sure your Happily Ever After really lasts forever. Cleaning This probably will happen before you move back into your home (or at least it should). Since day one of demolition, dust and debris have been thrown into the air and, much to your contractor’s chagrin, have crept into other places in the house that weren’t touched in the remodel. Now’s the time to do an all-inclusive clean. No, the cleaners won’t do your laundry for you, but they’ll do just about everything else, from polishing the floors to dusting the ceiling fans. The end-of-project clean is like a cleansing spa day for your home. Final Walk-Through The last walk-through ensures that you are completely satisfied with everything — and I mean everything — in your home. This is where you will have the chance to sit down and bring up all the odds and ends that you feel need to be addressed. This can be anything from “this faucet isn’t on straight” to “there’s a scratch on the new fridge” to “my shower isn’t draining correctly.” Contractors may vary on when they hold a final walk-through, but in my experience, it’s scheduled after the homeowners move back in and have a chance to use the new space. Your contractor should’ve caught just about everything during his or her own informal walk-throughs throughout the remodel, but sometimes there are items that just don’t come to the surface until a house is lived in. Warranty Begins Most builders and remodelers have a warranty for their projects. The length and amount of coverage can vary, of course, but what remains constant is the promise to stand behind their work for any unforeseen circumstances that arise and need addressing. (Side note: If you’re looking at contractors right now, ask them about their warranty. This can be very telling of how they conduct their business. The more that contractors are willing to warrant their work — or the longer the warranty — the more effort they will put into getting the job done right the first time.) For some contractors, the warranty formally begins after the final walk-through is hosted and the last payment is received. After that, some will stand behind any light fixtures that fizzle, appliances that break, tiles that come loose — you name it. In an ideal world, everything would work right the first time, and it would work right forever. In our world, however, there are bad manufacturing batches and recalls and oversights that may need to be taken care of. Fear not. If you have selected the right remodeler, these issues will be handled. What else is involved in the Happily Ever After? Absolutely nothing. Take a deep breath in, let it out, look around your new space and smile, knowing that it’s all yours, to have and to hold from this day forward, for better, for worse, for richer, for poorer, in sickness and in health, to love and to cherish till death do you part. You get the picture.
